for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly,

IN CONGRESS, JULY 4, 1776 The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America

We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed

the merciless Indian Savages whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.

scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.

by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers. He has made Judges dependent on his Will

He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed

He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws;

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records,

to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of

pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right,

a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

When in the Course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands

and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these

He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.

repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States.

which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.

to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity,

We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us.